为了精确地测量阿秒脉冲的特性,自主研制了一套具有高能量分辨率的阿秒条纹相机,该相机采用了电子飞行距离长达2 m的磁瓶式结构电子飞行时间谱仪,可在提高能量分辨率的同时具有较高的光电子收集效率;在该设备的光路系统中实现了NIR飞秒脉冲与XUV阿秒脉冲延时扫描的稳定精度<20 as(均方根)。实验中采用双光选通门技术整形飞秒脉冲的光电场,在氖气池中产生了孤立阿秒脉冲。利用上述阿秒条纹相机测量该脉冲,获得了阿秒光电子条纹谱,通过基于单频滤波的相位重构算法得到159 as的孤立阿秒脉冲。

为提高强激光场与惰性气体靶作用产生的孤立阿秒激光脉冲的能量, 给出了一种实现高次谐波过程中最佳谐波相位匹配的定量实验方法。研究了气体靶源与高斯型驱动激光场聚焦点相对空间位置对谐波相位匹配及谐波产率的影响, 得出了其最佳相位匹配位置始终位于驱动激光场聚焦点后3～5 mm, 而在聚焦点之前的位置区域, 严重的高次谐波相位失配导致谐波产率非常低。同时, 在最佳相位匹配条件下, 高次谐波场与驱动场具有相类似的空间强度分布特性, 该结果印证了目前通常采用的高次谐波场为高斯光束的假设。

理论估算并实验验证了在X射线脉冲激发下低温砷化镓的光学折射率调制特性。泵浦-探针实验表明，低温砷化镓中存在的高密度复合缺陷大大减小了载流子寿命，使超热电子的弛豫时间小于1×10^-12 s，载流子的复合时间小于 2×10^-12 s，折射率的扰动时间约为2×10^-12 s。通过理论分析，给出了自由载流子和俄歇效应对该弛豫过程的定量估算，与实验结果吻合较好。该研究表明低温生长砷化镓是一种有效的可用于单次瞬态皮秒时间分辨X射线探测的材料。

利用雪崩晶体管作为高速开关器件、根据并联充电、串联放电原理设计了一种串并联相结合的MARX电路，以该电路为基础设计了一种低抖动高压脉冲驱动源，并将其应用于紫外激光脉冲的电光开关削波系统。通过同步调节器调节高压驱动脉冲和激光电光系统的时间匹配度，获得了驱动电脉冲与电光开关耦合的最佳工作状态；对匹配过程中的电光开关工作状态以及激光脉冲压缩过程进行了分析和研究，当高压驱动电脉冲幅度为2 690 V，脉宽为7.9 ns时，可以将脉宽为7.1 ns的紫外激光脉冲压缩至2.1 ns，KDP晶体的透光率达到了92.2%，电光开关的效率达到了31.7％。

介绍了一种基于锁相环及频率合成方法产生高重复频率正弦同步扫描种子源产生技术。利用锁相环实现了正弦信号与触发光脉冲的同步跟踪，并通过频率合成实现对正弦小信号的频率、相位、幅度的调制。调制相位可实现扫描时间的延迟，调节振幅可实现不同扫描速度。电路系统进行了实验测试，获得频率可达250 MHz、时间抖动小于10 ps的稳定正弦同步扫描种子源，证明设计达到了预期目标，满足光学条纹相机对种子源频率、幅度、抖动的高精度需求。

Time-resolved diagnosis of the transient process using X-ray frame cameras (XRCs) is an important means in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. The sensitivity of the photocathode is a key parameter of the entire camera system. This letter aims to raise the quantum efficiency (QE) of the photocathode. With the changes in the deposition parameters, such as deposit angle, thickness of the coating in the channel, and vacuum of evaporation, the QE results are different. After testing and theoretical calculation, we find that there is a best matching value among these parameters. When the coating parameter meet this best value, the gain of the XRC can be improved significantly.

High-speed dynamic spectrum data of transient detection has become the major means of access to transient information. However, in terms of the characteristic of spectral data excessiveness and transience in the dynamic spectral detection system, the linear charge-coupled device (CCD) used in the system should have real-time-output and match the high-speed data storage equipment. Based on the transient spectrum characteristic, we introduce a high-speed dynamic spectrum data acquisition system with a high-linear array CCD. Through the field of programming gate array, the system provides an accurate driving clock for CCD and generates the control signals for analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion, storage, and transmission. Finally, the collected data by the peripheral component interconnect bus are summarized and filtered in the host computer. The results show that the CCD can stably work with a 40-MHz clock, and the frame scanning frequency can achieve 73 KHz. This design can remarkably complete the real-time measurement of the denotation transient temperature and achieve high-speed spectral information collection and storage with high accuracy and frame scanning frequency. It can be applied to other transient information acquisition.

The detonation temperature is measured both theoretically and experimentally by means of a complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) image sensor. An experimental system of multiwavelength temperature measurement based on CMOS image sensing technology is designed and realized. The instant spectral information of each moment is captured by row with the CMOS image sensor, depending on the unique characteristic of its rolling shutter. With the use of multiwavelength temperature measurement theory and by fitting spectrum emissivity through the regressive least square method, the color temperature of the detonation whose temperature is variable can be obtained continuously. The system is calibrated by measuring the standard spectrum of the laser. In our system, four time temperatures are measured within 10-μs detonation. Results show that the system has a higher measuring accuracy and speed, and can be applied in high-speed spectral information collection and storage during the detonation.

The transit characteristics of gain electrons in the dynamic electric field in one micro-channel, the relation of the temporal resolution, and the gating electric pulse are discussed in detail. The simulation analyses provide guidance on how to select parameters of the gating electric pulse for designing the X-ray picosecond framing camera, based on micro-channel plates, especially with regard to the aspect of the temporal resolution of the camera. Certain experimental results are presented.